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The Neuroscientist, Vol. 1, No. 5, 259-267 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/107385849500100503

Monoamine Transporters: Basic Biology with Clinical Implications

Susan G. Amara

The Vollum Institute and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Oregon Health Sciences University Portland, Oregon

Biogenic amine transporters mediate two important steps in the reuptake and recycling of monoamines released by neurons in the central nervous system. First, high-affinity transporters found in the plasma membrane of neurons and glial cells mediate the removal of neurotransmitter from the extracellular space, thus terminating the action of the monoamines serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Within the cell, vesicular transporters repackage monoamines into vesicles for additional cycles of release. Two gene families are involved in the transport of the biogenic amines—the Na+/Cl--dependent plasma membrane carriers and the H+-dependent vesicular amine carriers. These transporters are known to regulate neurotransmitter con centrations in monoaminergic pathways and are the primary targets for a wide variety of clinically important antidepressants, antihypertensives, stimulants, and stimulant drugs of abuse. The Neuroscientist 1:259-267, 1995

Key Words: KEY WORDS Monoamines • Serotonin • Norepinephrine • Dopamine • Synaptic transmission


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