This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (41) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Eckert, M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Eckert, M. Pubmed/NCBI databases Medline Plus Health Information Head and Brain Malformations Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Neuroanatomical Markers for Dyslexia: A Review of Dyslexia Structural Imaging Studies

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stanford University

A neuroanatomical description of dyslexia has been elusive, due in part to the complex cognitive nature of dyslexia. People with dyslexia have varying degrees of impairment in reading skills that engage oral and written language (reading) neural networks. Although findings for the inferior parietal lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, and cerebellum have been relatively consistent across studies, these studies also demonstrate that anatomical patterns of results vary according to the reading skills that characterize dyslexia. The number and likelihood of atypical anatomical findings in oral and/or written language systems appears to be related to the pattern of impairments in measures of phonology, orthography, and fluency. A comprehensive neurobiological understanding of dyslexia will depend on studies of dyslexic individuals with homogeneous perceptual, cognitive, and genetic backgrounds.

Key Words: Dyslexia • Reading disability • Phonological • Orthographic • MRI • Neuroanatomy

The Neuroscientist, Vol. 10, No. 4, 362-371 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1073858404263596


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. C. Fears, W. P. Melega, S. K. Service, C. Lee, K. Chen, Z. Tu, M. J. Jorgensen, L. A. Fairbanks, R. M. Cantor, N. B. Freimer, et al. Identifying Heritable Brain Phenotypes in an Extended Pedigree of Vervet Monkeys J. Neurosci., March 4, 2009; 29(9): 2867 - 2875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. T. Siok, Z. Niu, Z. Jin, C. A. Perfetti, and L. H. Tan From the Cover: A structural-functional basis for dyslexia in the cortex of Chinese readers PNAS, April 8, 2008; 105(14): 5561 - 5566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. S. Chang, T. Katzir, T. Liu, K. Corriveau, M. Barzillai, K. A. Apse, A. Bodell, D. Hackney, D. Alsop, S. Wong, et al. A structural basis for reading fluency: White matter defects in a genetic brain malformation Neurology, December 4, 2007; 69(23): 2146 - 2154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-B. Manent and A. Represa Neurotransmitters and Brain Maturation: Early Paracrine Actions of GABA and Glutamate Modulate Neuronal Migration Neuroscientist, June 1, 2007; 13(3): 268 - 279. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. F. Dougherty, M. Ben-Shachar, G. K. Deutsch, A. Hernandez, G. R. Fox, and B. A. Wandell Temporal-callosal pathway diffusivity predicts phonological skills in children PNAS, May 15, 2007; 104(20): 8556 - 8561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Hoeft, A. Meyler, A. Hernandez, C. Juel, H. Taylor-Hill, J. L. Martindale, G. McMillon, G. Kolchugina, J. M. Black, A. Faizi, et al. Functional and morphometric brain dissociation between dyslexia and reading ability PNAS, March 6, 2007; 104(10): 4234 - 4239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. R. Ment, B. S. Peterson, J. A. Meltzer, B. Vohr, W. Allan, K. H. Katz, C. Lacadie, K. C. Schneider, C. C. Duncan, R. W. Makuch, et al. A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of the Long-term Influences of Early Indomethacin Exposure on Language Processing in the Brains of Prematurely Born Children Pediatrics, September 1, 2006; 118(3): 961 - 970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Giraud, J.F. Demonet, M. Habib, P. Marquis, P. Chauvel, and C. Liegeois-Chauvel Auditory Evoked Potential Patterns to Voiced and Voiceless Speech Sounds in Adult Developmental Dyslexics with Persistent Deficits Cereb Cortex, October 1, 2005; 15(10): 1524 - 1534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]