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The Neuroscientist, Vol. 11, No. 2,
110-115 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/1073858404270899
© 2005 SAGE Publications
Calcium Dysregulation, IP3 Signaling, and Alzheimers Disease
Grace E. Stutzmann
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of California, Irvine, grace{at}uci.edu
Ca2+ ions subserve complex signaling roles in neurons, regulating functions ranging from gene transcription to modulation of membrane excitability. Ca2+ ions enter the cytosol from extracellular sources, such as entry through voltage-gated channels, and by liberation from intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores through inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptors and/or ryanodine (RyR) receptors. Disruptions of intracellular Ca2+ signaling are proposed to underlie the pathophysiology of Alzheimers disease (AD), and recent studies examining AD-linked mutations in the presenilin genes demonstrate enhanced ER Ca2+ release in a variety of cell types and model systems. The development of transgenic AD mouse models provides a means to study the mechanisms and downstream effects of neuronal ER Ca2+-signaling alterations on AD pathogenesis and offers insight into potential novel therapeutic strategies. The author discusses recent findings in both the physiological functioning of the IP3-signaling pathway in neurons and the involvement of ERCa2+ disruptions in the pathogenesis of AD.
Key Words: Presenilin Endoplasmic reticulum Neurodegenerative Transgenic Ryanodine

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