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The Neuroscientist, Vol. 12, No. 2, 102-106 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1073858405281673

The Role of Neural Activity in Cortical Axon Branching

Naofumi Uesaka

Neuroscience Laboratories, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Edward S. Ruthazer

Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada

Nobuhiko Yamamoto

Neuroscience Laboratories, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; nobuhiko{at}fbs.osaka-u.ac.jp

Axonal branching is an important process for establishing the final pattern of connections between a neuron and its target cells. Cortical connections between upper-layer cells in the neocortex have provided insights into the cellular mechanisms by which electrical activity regulates neural connectivity, including branch formation. Recent evidence further indicates that spontaneous firing and synaptic transmission contribute to axonal branching of cortical neurons through postsynaptic activation.

Key Words: Cerebral cortex • Development • Axonal branching • Neural activity • Organotypic culture • Glutamate receptors


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