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This version was published on June 1, 2008
The Neuroscientist, Vol. 14, No. 3, 240-250 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1073858407312382

Defects in Tongue Papillae and Taste Sensation Indicate a Problem with Neurotrophic Support in Various Neurological Diseases

John Gardiner

School of Biological Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia, jgardiner{at}mail.usyd.edu.au

Deborah Barton

School of Biological Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia

Jessica May Vanslambrouck

Gene and Stem Cell Therapy program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, the University of Sydney, Australia

Filip Braet

Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, the University of Sydney, Australia

David Hall

Wycombe Clinic, Neutral Bay Australia

Jan Marc

School of Biological Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia

Robyn Overall

School of Biological Sciences, the University of Sydney, Australia

Neurotrophic support of developing neurons by neurotrophins is of critical importance in the development of fungiform papillae and taste buds. A number of neurological disorders show a decrease or increase in fungiform papillae or taste sensation. These can be grouped into disorders with reduced papillae (Machado-Joseph disease, Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome, familial dysautonomia, dystonia musculorum, and Behçet's disease) and those with taste defects only (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV, and diabetes mellitus). In addition, Parkinson's disease results in increased taste sensation. Here, we hypothesize that the main problem in these disorders is either not enough or too much neurotrophic support. Proneurotrophic drugs such as some antidepressants and aldose reductase inhibitors may prove useful in the treatment of these sensory and central nervous system disorders. Similarly, antineurotrophic drugs may also be useful in Parkinson's disease. Here we show that the protein involved in familial dysautonomia, IKAP, localizes to keratin filaments in HeLa cells, suggesting a role for the keratin cytoskeleton in neurotrophic support. NEUROSCIENTIST 14(3):240–250, 2008. DOI: 10.1177/1073858407312382

Key Words: Taste • Fungiform papillae • Neurotrophic support • Neurological disease • Familial dysautonomia


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