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The Neuroscientist
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Mechanisms of Axonal Plasticity: Lessons from the Olfactory Pathway

Helen B. Treloar

Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Juan C. Bartolomei

Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Brian W. Lipscomb

Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Charles A. Greer

Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, charles.greer{at}yale.edu

The olfactory pathway has emerged recently as an effective model for studying general principles of axon extension and regeneration. A variety of both trophic as well as repulsive molecules are found in the olfactory pathway and are being characterized for their roles in promoting the high capacity for plasticity and growth in olfactory receptor cell axons. In addition, olfactory ensheathing cells, which line the olfactory nerve, have been shown to promote axon extension not only in the olfactory pathway but also in the injured spinal cord. This review summarizes some of our current knowledge of these mechanisms and how they may function collectively to promote axon plasticity.

Key Words: Ensheathing cell • Regeneration • Spinal injury • Axon outgrowth • Olfaction

The Neuroscientist, Vol. 7, No. 1, 55-63 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/107385840100700109
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