This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (13) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Hickmott, P. W. Articles by Ethell, I. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hickmott, P. W. Articles by Ethell, I. M. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Dendritic Plasticity in the Adult Neocortex

Department of Psychology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California at Riverside, peter.hickmott{at}ucr.edu

Iryna M. Ethell

Division of Biomedical Sciences, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California at Riverside

Dendrites are a major determinant of how neurons integrate and process incoming information, and thus, they play a vital role in the functional properties of neural circuits. During the past 30 years, it has become clear that the functional organization of the adult neocortex (and other parts of the brain) is dynamic and can change in response to experimental manipulations that affect cortical activity patterns. A variety of changes in the cortical microcircuit, including changes in synaptic function, neuronal membrane properties, and axonal trajectories, are associated with these functional changes. In this review, the authors discuss changes in the structure of dendrites in the adult neocortex, the sorts of experimental manipulations that induce these changes, and some possible molecular mechanisms that may underlie the changes.

Key Words: Neocortex • Dendrites • Plasticity • Neurotrophins

References

• Armstrong DD. 2001. Rett syndrome neuropathology review 2000. Brain Dev 23(Suppl 1): S72-S76.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Benavides-Piccione R, Ballesteros-Yanez I, de Lagran MM, Elston G, Estivill X, Fillat C, and others. 2004. On dendrites in Down syndrome and DS murine models: a spiny way to learn. Prog Neurobiol 74:111-126.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Black JE, Kodish IM, Grossman AW, Klintsova AY, Orlovskaya D, Vostrikov V, and others. 2004. Pathology of layer V pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 161:742-744.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Buonomano DV, Merzenich MM. 1998. Cortical plasticity: from synapses to maps. Ann Rev Neurosci 21:149-186.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Chang FL, Greenough WT. 1982. Lateralized effects of monocular training on dendritic branching in adult split-brain rats. Brain Res 232:283-292.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Churchill JD, Tharp JA, Wellman CL, Sengelaub DR, Garraghty PE. 2004. Morphological correlates of injury-induced reorganization in primate somatosensory cortex. BMC Neurosci 5:43.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Dijkhuizen PA, Ghosh A. 2005. BDNF regulates primary dendrite formation in cortical neurons via the PI3-kinase and MAP kinase signaling pathways. J Neurobiol 62(2):278-288.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Eastman Q, Grosschedl R. 1999. Regulation of LEF-1/TCF transcription factors by Wnt and other signals. Curr Opin Cell Biol 11(2):233-240.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Fenstermaker V, Chen Y, Ghosh A, Yuste R. 2004. Regulation of dendritic length and branching by semaphorin 3A. J Neurobiol 58(3):403-412.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Fox K. 2002. Anatomical pathways and molecular mechanisms for plasticity in the barrel cortex. Neuroscience 111:799-814.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Galvez R, Gopal AR, Greenough WT. 2003. Somatosensory cortical barrel dendritic abnormalities in a mouse model of the fragile X mental retardation syndrome. Brain Res 971:83-89.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Gonzalez CL, Gharbawie OA, Whishaw IQ, Kolb B. 2005. Nicotine stimulates dendritic arborization in motor cortex and improves concurrent motor skill but impairs subsequent motor learning. Synapse 55:183-191.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Greenough WT, Larson JR, Withers GS. 1985. Effects of unilateral and bilateral training in a reaching task on dendritic branching of neurons in the rat motor-sensory forelimb cortex. Behav Neural Biol 44:301-314.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Grutzendler J, Kasthuri N, Gan WB. 2002. Long-term dendritic spine stability in the adult cortex. Nature 420:812-816.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Gundersen GG, Cook TA. 1999. Microtubules and signal transduction. Curr Opin Cell Biol 11:81-94.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Hebb DO. 1949. The Organization of Behavior. New York; Wiley.
• Henkemeyer M, Itkis OS, Ngo M, Hickmott PW, Ethell IM. 2003. Multiple EphB receptor tyrosine kinases shape dendritic spines in the hippocampus. J Cell Biol 163(6):1313-1326.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Hickmott PW, Merzenich MM. 1999. Dendritic bias of neurons in rat somatosensory cortex associated with a functional boundary. J Comp Neurol 409:385-399.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Hickmott PW, Steen PA. 2005. Large-scale changes in dendritic structure during reorganization of adult somatosensory cortex. Nat Neurosci 8:140-142.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Hoogenraad CC, Milstein AD, Ethell IM, Henkemeyer M, Sheng M. 2005. GRIP1 controls dendrite morphogenesis by regulating EphB receptor trafficking. Nat Neurosci 8:906-915.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Horch HW, Katz LC. 2002. BDNF release from single cells elicits local dendritic growth in nearby neurons. Nat Neurosci 5(11):1177-1184.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Huang EJ, Reichardt LF. 2003. Trk receptors: roles in neuronal signal transduction. Annu Rev Biochem 72:609-642.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Jacobs B, Schall M, Scheibel AB. 1993. A quantitative dendritic analysis of Wernicke’s area in humans, II. Gender, hemispheric, and environmental factors. J Comp Neurol 327:97-111.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Jay V, Becker LE, Chan FW, Perry TL Sr. 1991. Puppet-like syndrome of Angelman: a pathologic and neurochemical study. Neurology 41:416-422.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Jones TA, Schallert T. 1992. Overgrowth and pruning of dendrites in adult rats recovering from neocortical damage. Brain Res 581:156-160.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Jones TA, Schallert T. 1994. Use-dependent growth of pyramidal neurons after neocortical damage. J Neurosci 14:2140-2152.[Abstract]
• Juraska JM. 1991. Sex differences in "cognitive" regions of the rat brain. Psychoneuroendocrinology 16:105-109.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Kolb B, Gibb R, Gorny G. 2003. Experience-dependent changes in dendritic arbor and spine density in neocortex vary qualitatively with age and sex. Neurobiol Learn Mem 79:1-10.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Kolb B, Whishaw IQ. 1998. Brain plasticity and behavior. Annu Rev Psychol 49:43-64.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Kossel A, Lowel S, Bolz J. 1995. Relationships between dendritic fields and functional architecture in striate cortex of normal and visually deprived cats. J Neurosci 15:3913-3926.[Abstract]
• Lipton SA, Kater SB. 1989. Neurotransmitter regulation of neuronal outgrowth plasticity and survival. Trends Neurosci 12:265-270.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• McAllister AK. 2000. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of dendrite growth. Cereb Cortex 10:963-973.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• McAllister AK, Lo DC, Katz LC. 1995. Neurotrophins regulate dendritic growth in developing visual cortex. Neuron 15(4):791-803.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Murai KK, Nguyen LN, Irie F, Yamaguchi Y, Pasquale EB. 2003. Control of hippocampal dendritic spine morphology through ephrin-A3/EphA4 signaling. Nat Neurosci 6(2):153-160.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Polleux F, Morrow T, Ghosh A. 2000. Semaphorin 3A is a chemoattractant for cortical apical dendrites. Nature 404(6778):567-573.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Rao BS, Desiraju T, Raju TR. 1993. Neuronal plasticity induced by self-stimulation rewarding experience in rats—a study on alteration in dendritic branching in pyramidal neurons of hippocampus and motor cortex. Brain Res 627:216-224.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Raper JA. 2000. Semaphorins and their receptors in vertebrates and invertebrates. Curr Opin Neurobiol 10(1):88-94.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Redmond L, Ghosh A. 2001. The role of Notch and Rho GTPase signaling in the control of dendritic development. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11(1):111-117.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Redmond L, Kashani AH, Ghosh A. 2002. Calcium regulation of dendritic growth via CaM kinase IV and CREB-mediated transcription. Neuron 34(6):999-1010.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Redmond L, Oh SR, Hicks C, Weinmaster G, Ghosh A. 2000. Nuclear Notch1 signaling and the regulation of dendritic development. Nat Neurosci 3(1):30-40.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Robinson TE, Kolb B. 2004. Structural plasticity associated with exposure to drugs of abuse. Neuropharmacology 47(Suppl 1):33-46.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Scheibel AB, Conrad T, Perdue S, Tomiyasu U, Wechsler A. 1990. A quantitative study of dendritic complexity in selected areas of the human cerebral cortex. Brain Cogn 12:85-101.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Schultz W. 2001. Reward signaling by dopamine neurons. Neuroscientist 7:293-302.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Steffan H, Van der Loos H. 1980. Early lesions of mouse vibrissal follicles: their influence on dendrite orientation in the cortical barrelfield. Exp Brain Res 40:419-431.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Stewart J, Kolb B. 1988. The effects of neonatal gonadectomy and prenatal stress on cortical thickness and asymmetry in rats. Behav Neural Biol 49:344-360.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Tailby C, Wright LL, Metha AB, Calford MB. 2005. Activity-dependent maintenance and growth of dendrites in adult cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:4631-4636.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• Threadgill R, Bobb K, Ghosh A. 1997. Regulation of dendritic growth and remodeling by Rho, Rac, and Cdc42. Neuron 19(3):625-634.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Trachtenberg JT, Chen BE, Knott GW, Feng G, Sanes JR, Welker E, and others. 2002. Long-term in vivo imaging of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in adult cortex. Nature 420:788-794.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Volkmar FR, Greenough WT. 1972. Rearing complexity affects branching of dendrites in the visual cortex of the rat. Science 176:1445-1447.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• von Bartheld CS, Byers MR, Williams R, Bothwell M. 1996. Anterograde transport of neurotrophins and axodendritic transfer in the developing visual system. Nature 379:830-833.[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Ward NS. 2004. Functional reorganization of the cerebral motor system after stroke. Curr Opin Neurol 17:725-730.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Wellman CL, Sengelaub DR. 1995. Alterations in dendritic morphology of frontal cortical neurons after basal forebrain lesions in adult and aged rats. Brain Res 669:48-58.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Whitford KL, Dijkhuizen P, Polleux F, Ghosh A. 2002. Molecular control of cortical dendrite development. Annu Rev Neurosci 25:127-149.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Whitford KL, Marillat V, Stein E, Goodman CS, Tessier-Lavigne M, Chedotal A, and others. 2002. Regulation of cortical dendrite development by Slit-Robo interactions. Neuron 33(1):47-61.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Wu G-Y, Deisseroth K, Trien RW. 2001. Spaced stimuli stabilize MAPK pathway activation and its effects on dendritic morphology. Nat Neurosci 4(2):151-158.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Xu B, Zang K, Ruff NL, Zhang YA, McConnell SK, Stryker MP, and others. 2000. Cortical degeneration in the absence of neurotrophin signaling: dendritic retraction and neuronal loss after removal of the receptor TrkB. Neuron 26(1):233-245.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• Yu X, Malenka RC. 2003. Beta-catenin is critical for dendritic morphogenesis. Nat Neurosci 6(11):1169-1177.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]

The Neuroscientist, Vol. 12, No. 1, 16-28 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1073858405282417


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Palagina, U. T. Eysel, and D. Jancke Strengthening of lateral activation in adult rat visual cortex after retinal lesions captured with voltage-sensitive dye imaging in vivo PNAS, May 26, 2009; 106(21): 8743 - 8747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Darian-Smith Synaptic Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury Neuroscientist, April 1, 2009; 15(2): 149 - 165. [Abstract] [PDF]

This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (13) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Hickmott, P. W. Articles by Ethell, I. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hickmott, P. W. Articles by Ethell, I. M. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?